Questions discussed in this category
Would you consider EMG, muscle biopsy, repeat myositis panel? Would you consider starting immunosuppression?
The patient has no known history of autoimmune disease.
In contrast to TNF inhibitors for psoriatic arthritis, which seem to peak and maintain response percentages, the DISCOVER-2 Trial (McInnes et al., PMI...
Do you base the decision on FEV1, 6MWD or symptoms at initial evaluation, or progression over time?
In clinical practice continued steroid dependence is often seen as a reason to switch therapy and providers can be especially hesitant to use systemic...
Based on the results of the DISCOVER-2 Trial (McInnes et al., PMID 34719872), should guselkumab be used prior to anti-TNF therapy in these patients?
In patients presenting with likely statin-induced myopathy versus statin-induced autoimmune necrotizing myopathy - how do you approach the decision re...
How do you counsel young adults with antibody-negative necrotizing myopathy on prognosis, risk of recurrence, and long-term monitoring/treatment?
Would you consider adding tacrolimus in this situation?
Significant impact on ADLs and no response to doxycycline, hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine or methotrexate.
For patients who present with elevated myoglobin in the setting of normal creatinine kinase and exercise intolerance, what work up process do you typi...
Is there role for IVIG? Would you alter the dose or time course of steroid therapy?
For example, in the setting of cirrhosis incidentally found on imaging.
(assuming that the malignancy evaluation has been completed and the lymphadenopathy is confirmed to be reactive)
(e.g. beta 2 glycoprotein IgM > 20 but <40)
Recent articles regarding the use of JAK-Inhibition in RA have suggested to avoid in patients with increased CV risk. However, RA itself is cons...
In your experience, are there specific disease manifestations in which HLAB51 is particularly helpful?
Is an MRI necessary to diagnose non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis?
For example, would it be appropriate to consider JAK inhibitor therapy as preferable to TNF-alpha inhibitor in patients with heart failure with reduce...
Such as oral methylprednisolone, dexamethasone, prednisolone, etc.
Assuming other non CTD related causes for PAH have been excluded
What doses of allopurinol do you use, and how frequently do you titrate the dose?
How would the approach differ if the patient had a significant bleeding phenotype vs only minor bruising and mucosal bleeding?
If you avoid parathyroid hormone-related protein analog drugs in patients with prior external beam radiation, what data is this based on?
This type of etoposide sparing therapy has been previously described in a case series at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32725881/
Other than inflammatory markers and following symptoms/exam, do you need any other specific monitoring for progression to systemic disease?
Would the answer differ if the index event was arterial vs venous?
Hepatitis screening labs revealing Hep B ag and core positivity with positive PCR
When do you refer to genetics? Does your approach change if they have an additional finding such as mitral valve prolapse or a prolapsed bladder/uteru...
If so, how long after diagnosis do you do so?
How does a diagnosis of active RA inform your treatment approach for patients with breast cancer, if at all?
I teach my students/residents that they should hardly ever get routine X-rays in patients presenting with radicular symptoms. MRI far better for seein...
Does treatment with B-cell depletion and/or negative anti-spike antibody status despite COVID mRNA vaccination influence your decision?
How do you risk stratify and monitor such patient for disease progression or organ involvement?
Would you suggest switching to a viral vector vaccine, such as J&J?
There is no history of trauma or substance abuse.
(Refractory to mycophenolate, azathioprine, and methotrexate. UpToDate suggests thalidomide or IVIG with mixed efficacy, while there are some case rep...
Preference for low dose steroids vs attempting colchicine?
Infection risk being primarily chronic venous stasis ulcers
Do you routinely check IgA anticardiolipin and beta-2 glycoprotein antibody IgA in your practice? And how would a positive result change your manageme...
Would you hold these agents in the setting of invasive dental procedures?
e.g. DITP from eptifibatide after a cardiac intervention
How does this vary from continued disease monitoring?
For medical oncologists, would you offer a PD-1/L1 inhibitor? For other subspecialties, how would you counsel the oncologist regarding the risk of usi...
Since tocilizumab is known to normalize ESR/CRP, are there any markers/blood tests that may be helpful to check for PMR patients with question of exac...
Do you attempt to taper fully or maintain at a low dose?
i.e. obstretric APS without thrombosis or SLE
Would you change the treatment to rituxan or continue orencia with regular dermatology follow up?
Is there an increased drug induced lupus risk?
Additionally, what is the current role for temporal artery ultrasound in workup for GCA?
What immunosuppression and dosing do you typically use?
Specifically, how do you treat the delayed headache, not the headache that develops during the infusion where pre-hydration and slowing down the rate ...
Are there implications of reducing urate too much?
Would you favor the use of any particular biologics over others?
Several speakers at ACR 2021 commented on the important role of drug levels in the management of these patients and cautioned against adding medicatio...
Without a discrete mass to biopsy, is there any utility of any blind biopsies to rule out IgG4 related disease, infectious or neoplastic process?
Is there a role for immunomodulatory therapy?
Is a liver biopsy ever helpful?
How do you decide if it may be safe to continue immunotherapy?
Would chemotherapy be preferred over RT?
Would you consider keeping the patient on denosumab or would switch to an anabolic agent?
Specifically in patients of Vietnamese background? An association has been shown between HLA-B*5801 and the risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity react...
Especially given the recent FDA approval of voclosporin, how should we think about the use of this medication for LN?
Dr. Charles-Schoeman presented data at ACR 21 showing that, paradoxically, there is a U-shaped relationship between inflammation and LDL levels in pat...
Patient failed topical ocular therapies, methotrexate, azathioprine
Do you obtain vascular imaging routinely in these cases, and if so, do you use cross-sectional or invasive angiography?
Would you discontinue Methotrexate and TNF inhibitors even if previously no side effects from these medications, and would you consider Cyclophosphami...
Would you use immunosuppression in patients several years after curative treatment for melanoma?
Would your answer change for favorable vs unfavorable intermediate risk disease?
Would you consider this for patients on B-cell depleting therapies or more broadly for other immunosuppressive agents?
Does Quantiferon gold replace the need for baseline chest x-ray screen?
The ACR 2021 RA Guidelines suggest the gradual tapering approach is preferable.
Giving "rescue therapy" to patients in the combination group implies that there is room to escalate to the dose at enrollment.
Withdrawal of methotrexate may lead to more disease flares and lack of recoverability with other TNF inhibitors.
Usual clinical practice is to add TNFi once methotrexate monotherapy has failed. If this is the case in these patients, it would seem to increase the ...
While classically described as seen in seropositive patients, have they been reported in seronegative RA?
Would you have a different opinion based on whether it is a new therapy or an existing and previously well-tolerated therapy for the patient?
Myositis specific antibodies and pathology results often take weeks to result. In which cases do you start therapy before the diagnosis is solid...
What if the patient is triple-positive or has continued seropositivity on repeat lab testing? What is the appropriate interval of monitoring and does ...
Do you have a preferred initial immunosuppressive regimen?
Are there specific features that suggest drug-induced uveitis versus de novo uveitis?
Thoughts on sarilumab vs methotrexate, or just treat with steroids alone
Small study in pediatric PACNS have evaluated this as a potential marker (Cellucci et al., PMID 22740622)
While low-dose aspirin for primary thrombosis prevention in aPL without APS is not typically recommended outside cardiovascular prevention guidelines ...
Do you switch to SQ MTX, or is it best to add tx, such as a TNFi?
What factors go into choosing the right patient and determining length of therapy?
In other words, do we think of TNFi induced lupus and TNFi induced psoriasis as a drug effect or a class effect?
Do you avoid due to the increased risk of GI adverse events?
Do you use imaging (fibrosis vs. pneumonitis), PFTs, duration of prior immunosuppressive therapy?
There are multiple difficulties that could be seen: steroids can precipitate a sickle cell crisis, vasculitis and sickle cell can produce similar clin...
How does disease activity and certolizumab vs other TNFi affect this decision?
Does it depend on the DMARD type (biologic, targeted synthetic, or conventional synthetic)?
Is there a role for earlier use of anabolic agents to promote bone healing in patients that develop AFFs?
Would active vasculitis present a contraindication to therapy?
There is some emerging evidence that there is an inflammatory component.
Would you change rituximab maintenance dose or schedule?
Is there a risk of increased radioresistance or secondary malignancy (or conversely, toxicity) for patients on TNF inhibitors...
Specifically: starting dose, rapidity of up-titration, frequency of lab monitoring, frequency of office visits, and timing of assessment for treatment...
Specifically, do you reach for Rituximab or cyclophosphamide?
Do you rechallenge with lower dose? What is your tolerance for mild persistent transaminitis?
The case I am considering involves a patient with biopsy-proven fibrosing dacryoadenitis.
Do you follow the 2019 EULAR Guidelines that SLE patients with asymptomatic, positive aPL should be on low-dose ASA?
E.g., inflammatory polyarthritis or inflammatory myopathy with onset within 2 weeks of documented COVID infection
What non-pharmacological interventions do you recommend? Do you routinely prescribe prophylactic laxatives to patients initiating opioids? How do you ...
If so, how would positive levels guide your management?
Muscle disease is quiescent and no other manifestations such as ILD
How is your approach to treatment different than other ILD patterns such as NSIP? Does treatment response vary based on underlying CTD?
(Skin thickening in the absence of visceral disease)
In the ADVOCATE trial, patients were not re-dosed with rituximab.
E.g., MPO vs PR3, newly diagnosed vs relapsed, renal involvement. Acknowledge that the ADVOCATE study was not powered to detect these differences, but...
Does denosumab effect knee replacement or hip replacement? Should replacement occur right before or after injection?
If so, do you take any additional precautions with planning?
For example, healthcare workers who require these vaccines for employment
Given the slow recovery of nerve damage, what would you expect to see on a repeat EMG after treatment? Continued denervation or just sequelae of past ...
What if the patient has MGUS?
Do patients with type 1 cryoglobulins need a bone marrow biopsy as part of the work up?
Are IL-17 or IL-23 inhibitors helpful?
Can axSpA affect the spine without affecting the sacroiliac joints?
How would you label such a patient?
Would you treat differently if they have poor functional status?
Do you stop methotrexate or adjust the dose?
Does your management change if there is renal involvement of the malignancy?
Patient was previously well controlled on methotrexate, which was discontinued during cancer treatment.
Cyclophosphamide/tacrolimus and Rituximab have been used in conjunction with steroids in case series.
Current guidelines do not support its use, but the EMPACTA trial suggests it may be effective in a subpopulation of patients.
If so, are there specific patient populations for which you would use this metric?
Does the type of cardiac involvement impact this choice?
Reduced requirements for documentation by CMS in 2021 with respect to billing and coding have raised new questions about what aspects of physician exa...
If so, what test do you use in clinical practice?
If so, what would be an ideal DMARD in this setting?
i.e., Troponin I, Troponin T, and CK-MB
If so, does this have clinical significance?
Have the SPIRIT H2H and EXCEED data changed your practice?
To my understanding, sm/RNP should also be positive in this situation (and one would assume a positive ANA as well)
Prior therapies include MTX, abatacept, rituximab
If so, would you adjust the dose?
How do you counsel these patients about hormonal agents?
Did the recently published BLISS-LN trial change your practice?
What if this was "triple-negative" antiphospholipid syndrome?
In patients refractory to NSAIDs and sulfasalazine
If you use both, how do you decide which to use for a particular patient?
Due to the shortage of rheumatologists, primary care physicians may need to manage some rheumatologic issues.
The SENSCIS trial was published in 2019 on efficacy of this agent. However, it's not clear where this should be in the treatment algorithm: Monot...
In a patient with early stage breast cancer that would otherwise require radiation, would you recommend treatment if the patient has active skin lupus...
Acknowledging that there is no time for good trials yet in this setting
Also, how would you handle immune modulators for rheumatoid arthritis during their treatment?
Do you re-challenge with nivolumab alone, change from nivo 1/ipi 3 to nivo 3/ipi 1 upon re-challenge, or stop immunotherapy altogether if grade 3?&nbs...
How about those with metastatic disease eager to maintain quality of life? Do you risk progression of disease if the TNF blocker is re-started?
Is there any literature on the safety of giving radiation to patients with scleroderma in H&N setting?
Would you require the rituxan to be held prior to radiation? Would this matter if it was in the post-prostatectomy setting?
Is IO related pneumonitis in the radiation field or more diffuse?
Are there any other medications, outside of anticoagulation, that would be considered absolute or relative contraindications?
Do you always stick with a conventional fracionation, or in some cases, are you comfortable hypofractionating? Do you ever use a wait and see approach...
Does the type of autoimmune disease (ex IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, interstitial lung disease) matter?
Do you put more weight on specific CVDs such as scleroderma as contraindications for any RT?
Do you have any concern for increased toxicity when you treat a patient with radiation therapy who has an autoimmune disorder? (hypofractiationation v...
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